Aarhus, often referred to as the “City of Smiles”, is Denmark’s second-largest city and a cultural gem on the east coast of Jutland. The city has a rich history dating back to the Viking Age and is known for its unique blend of historic sites and modern attractions. With its charming streets, innovative cultural offerings and scenic surroundings, Aarhus is an ideal destination for both Danish and international tourists.
In this article, we briefly explore Aarhus’ fascinating history and share the best tips for sights you must not miss in Aarhus
The History of Aarhus – From Viking Town to Modern Cultural City
1. The Foundation: A Viking Trading Settlement
The history of Aarhus begins in the Viking Age, around AD 770. The city was founded as a trading settlement at the mouth of the Aarhus River, from which it also took its name – “Aros”, meaning “the river’s mouth”. Its waterside location made the city a central hub for trade in the region.
2. The Middle Ages: Churches and Monasteries
During the Middle Ages, Aarhus grew in importance, particularly as a religious centre. The cathedral, St Clement’s Church, was built in 1201 and today stands as Denmark’s longest and tallest church. The city was also home to several monasteries, which played an important role in society.
3. The Renaissance: Trade Flourishes
During the 15th and 16th centuries, Aarhus became an important trading city, with agriculture and fishing contributing to its growth. The harbour was expanded and became one of the busiest in Denmark, making the city a key player in the country’s economy.
4. Industrialisation: Aarhus Grows
In the 19th century, Aarhus experienced significant growth with industrialisation. Its coastal location made it an important port city, and the development of the railway strengthened its role as a transport and trading centre. During this period, many of the city’s iconic buildings, such as the Customs House and the Town Hall, were built.
5. Modern Aarhus
Today, Aarhus is known as a city of culture and innovation. It has established itself as a leading university city, home to Aarhus University, and as an important player on the international arts and culture scene. The city’s modern development goes hand in hand with respect for its historical heritage, making it a wonderful place to explore.
Top Tips for Sights to See in Aarhus
Aarhus offers something for everyone – from historic monuments and fascinating museums to cosy cafés and scenic natural areas. Here is a guide to some of the best sights you can explore.
Historical Experiences
1 - Den Gamle By
Den Gamle By is an open-air museum and one of Aarhus’ most popular tourist attractions. The museum consists of more than 75 historic buildings from across Denmark, brought together to create an authentic experience of life in the past. At Den Gamle By, you can explore historic buildings, streets and interactive exhibitions from different periods.
Tip: Visit the museum during the Christmas season to experience traditional Danish Christmas customs.
2 - Aarhus Cathedral
The cathedral is one of Denmark’s oldest churches and an impressive building in the heart of the city. It is Denmark’s longest and tallest church, boasting a remarkable history and architecture. The church is also known for its beautiful frescoes, which date back to the Middle Ages.
Tip: Climb the stairs to the tower for a fantastic view over the city.
3 - The Viking Museum
Located beneath Nordea Bank on Skt. Clemens Torv, the Viking Museum offers a glimpse into Aarhus’ Viking past. The museum houses archaeological finds and tells the story of how the city was founded.
Tip: Take time to explore the interactive exhibitions, which make the visit exciting for both children and adults.
Cultural Experiences
4 - ARoS Aarhus Art Museum
ARoS is one of Northern Europe’s largest art museums and is known for its iconic rainbow panorama, created by Olafur Eliasson. The panorama gives you a colourful view over the city.
Tip: Don’t miss the museum’s changing exhibitions, which often feature world-famous artists.
5 - Musikhuset Aarhus
Musikhuset is Scandinavia’s largest concert hall and offers a varied programme of music, theatre and dance. The building is architecturally impressive and is close to the city’s other cultural hotspots.
Tip: Check their programme to see whether there are any concerts or performances during your visit.
6 - Moesgaard Museum
Moesgaard Museum is dedicated to archaeology and ethnography. It is known for its modern architecture and unique exhibitions that bring the past to life, including Grauballe Man – the world’s best-preserved bog body.
Tip: Enjoy the museum’s beautiful surroundings and take a walk in the nearby forest.
Nature Experiences
7 - Marselisborg Palace and Mindeparken
Marselisborg Palace is the Danish monarch’s summer residence. The palace is surrounded by beautiful woodland and a lovely park, which is open to the public when the monarch is not in residence.
Tip: Combine your visit with a walk in Mindeparken, which is right next door.
8 - The Botanical Garden and Greenhouses
The Botanical Garden is a peaceful oasis in the heart of the city, perfect for relaxing or enjoying a picnic. In the Greenhouses, you can discover exotic plants from around the world.
Tip: Admission to both the garden and the greenhouses is free.
9 - Beaches in Aarhus
Aarhus has several beautiful beaches that are perfect for a relaxing day by the water. Moesgaard Beach and Den Permanente are popular with both locals and tourists.
Tip: Visit the beaches in summer to enjoy the sun and sea, or in autumn for a pleasant stroll.
Shopping and Dining Experiences
10 - The Latin Quarter
The Latin Quarter is Aarhus’ oldest neighbourhood and is full of charm. Here you will find small independent shops, cosy cafés and art galleries.
Tip: Don’t miss Graven, one of the most atmospheric streets in the area.
11 - Aarhus Street Food
This street food market is a popular destination for food lovers. Here you can sample everything from Danish classics to international dishes.
Tip: Try the many vegetarian and vegan dishes the market also offers.
12 - Bruun’s Galleri
Bruun’s Galleri is one of Denmark’s largest shopping centres and is located right next to Aarhus Central Station. Here you will find both well-known brands and places to eat.
Tip: Take a break at one of the cafés on the top floor with views over the city.
Hidden Gems
13 - Aarhus Ø
This modern harbour district is known for its innovative architecture, including Isbjerget (The Iceberg), and offers fantastic sea views.
Tip: Take a bike ride along the harbour to explore the area.
14 - Godsbanen
Godsbanen is a creative cultural centre where you can enjoy art exhibitions, workshops and concerts. The area is also popular for its cafés and unique atmosphere.
Tip: Visit the roof of Godsbanen for an unusual view over the city.
15 - Dokk1
Aarhus’ modern cultural centre and library on the waterfront, perfect for a break with views over the water.
Tip: Take the lift to the upper floors for a fantastic view of the harbour and the city.
Conclusion
Aarhus is a city that combines a rich history with a vibrant modern atmosphere. With its historic sites, cultural offerings and beautiful natural surroundings, there is something for everyone. Whether you are interested in history, love art or are simply looking for a charming destination, Aarhus will undoubtedly impress you. Use the guide above to plan your visit and discover everything the City of Smiles has to offer!
If you need further inspiration for sights to see in Aarhus, watch this video - 14 things to do in Aarhus
If you know Aarhus or live there, we would love to hear your thoughts and/or suggestions in the comments section about other exciting sights and experiences in Aarhus.
